Vol. 39, issue 07, article # 2

Stepanov E. V., Nikifortseva N. N., Andreev V. V. Laser based spectrophotometer for H2O traces analysis in vacuum chambers of low-temperature plasma generators. // Optika Atmosfery i Okeana. 2026. V. 39. No. 07. P. 557–567. DOI: 10.15372/AOO20260702 [in Russian].
Copy the reference to clipboard

Abstract:

Highly sensitive analysis of neutral gas components, including H2O vapor, in high-vacuum electrical installations designed to generate low-temperature plasma is a pressing analytical and metrological challenge. This article presents a spectrophotometer based on tunable diode lasers designed for the spectral analysis of H2O traces in the vacuum chambers of low-temperature plasma generators using RF- and MW-discharges. The spectral range 7338–7370 cm-1 where vibration-rotational absorption lines of H2O of various symmetry and intensity are located was used for the analysis. Both the detection of the transmission spectra and their derivatives were used for highly sensitive analysis of traces of H2O at low pressures. The sensitivity to resonance absorption and concentration sensitivity in detecting traces of H2O in a rarefied gaseous medium were estimated.

Keywords:

H2O absorption spectra, analysis of trace H2O concentration, low-temperature plasma generators, tunable diode laser

References:

1. Chu P.K., Chen J.Y., Wang L.P., Huang N. Plasma-surface modification of biomaterials // Mater. Sci. Eng. 2002. V. 36, N 5–6. P. 143–206. DOI: 10.1016/S0927-796X(02)00004-9.
2. Biederman H. Plasma polymers and some biomedical applications // Europ. Cells Mater. 2003. V. 6 (Suppl. 1). P. 28.
3. Chu P.K. Plasma-treated biomaterials // IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 2007. V. 35, N 2. P. 181–187. DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2006.888587.
4. Desmet T., Morent R., De Geyter N., Leys C., Schacht E., Dubruel P. Non-thermal plasma technology as a versatile strategy for polymeric biomaterials surface modification: A review // Biomacromolecules. 2009. V. 10, N 9. P. 2351–2378. DOI: 10.1021/bm900186s.
5. Morent R., De Geyter N., Desmet T., Dubruel P., Leys C. Plasma surface modification of biodegradable polymers: A review // Plasma Processes Polym. 2011. V. 8, N 3. P. 171–190. DOI: 10.1002/ppap.201000153.
6. Scholtz V., Pazlarova J., Souskova H., Khun J., Julak J. Nonthermal plasma – A tool for decontamination and disinfection // Biotechnol. Adv. 2015. V. 33, N 6. P. 1108–1119. DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.01.002.
7. Trimukhe M., Pandiyaraj K.N., Tripathi A., Melo J.S., Deshmukh R.R. Plasma surface modification of biomaterials for biomedical applications // Adv. Biomat. Biomed. Appl. 2017. P. 95–166.
8. Booth J.P., Mozetic M., Nikiforov A., Oehr C. Foundations of plasma surface functionalization of polymers for industrial and biological applications // Plasma Sour. Sci. Technol. 2022. V. 31, N 10. P. 103001. DOI: 10.1088/1361-6595/ac70f9.
9. Karthik C., Rajalakshmi S., Thomas S., Thomas V. Intelligent polymeric biomaterials surface driven by plasma processing // Curr. Opin. Biomed. Eng. 2023. V. 26. P. 100440. DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2022.100440.
10. Rondón J., Gonzalez-Lizardo A. Plasma-treated polymeric biomaterials for improved surface and cell adhesion //ArXiv. 2025. DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2504.03883.
11. Stepanov E.V., Zyryanov P.V., Milyaev V.A. Laser analysis of the relative content of ortho- and para-water molecules for the diagnostics of spin-selective processes in gaseous media // Phys. Wave Phen. 2010. V. 18, N 1. P. 33. DOI: 10.3103/S1541308X10010073.
12. Stepanov E.V., Konyukhov V.K., Pershin S.M. Laser analysis of the evaporation dynamics of water spin isomers // Phys. Wave Phen. 2024. V. 18, N 3. P. 241.
13. Stepanov E.V., Pershin S.M. Increase in the relative content of ortho-Н2О molecules in vapor above boiling water // Phys. Wave Phen. 2025. V. 33, N 3. P. 242–246. DOI: 10.3103/S1541308X25700189.
14. Bernatskiy A.V., Ochkin V.N., Bafoev R.N., Antipenkov A.B. Dynamics of the water molecule density in a discharge chamber filled with a low pressure humid gas // Plasma Phys. Rep. 2016. V. 42, N. 10. P. 990. DOI: 10.1134/S1063780X16100019.
15. Lagunov V.V., Nikolaev I.V., Ochkin V.N., Tskhai S.N. Measurement of the concentration of water vapor in a glow discharge plasma // J. Opt. Technol. 2017. V. 84, N 6. P. 415–418. DOI: 10.1364/JOT.84.000415.
16. Bernatskiy A.V., Lagunov V.V., Ochkin V.N. Investigation of the interaction of water molecules with the surface of a quartz tube using laser spectroscopy // Phys. Wave Phen. 2019. V. 27, N 3. P. 165–177. DOI: 10.3103/S1541308X19030014.
17. Bernatskiy V., Lagunov V.V., Ochkin V.N., Tskhai S.N. Study of water molecule decomposition in plasma by diode laser spectroscopy and optical actinometry methods // Laser Phys. Lett. 2016. V. 13, N 7. P. 075702. DOI: 10.1088/1612-2011/13/7/075702.
18. Andreev V.V., Artemyev A.V., Barykov I.A., Grudiev E.I., Dvinin S.A., Kalashnikov A.V., Kritchenkov A.S., Chuprov D.V. Nonequilibrium low-temperature Ar plasms of RF and UHF discharges: A tool for modifying the physicochemical and structural parameters of organic polymers on chitosan’s films example // Proc. of the XXVII International Conference Ion-Surface Interactions ISI–2025. Ryazan, Russia, 2025, V. 2. P. 221–224.
19. Gordon I.E., Rothman L.S., Hargreaves R.J., Hashemi R., Karlovets E.V., Skinner F.M., Conway E.K., Hill C., Kochanov R.V., Tan Y., Wcisło P., Finenko A.A., Nelson K., Bernath P.F., Birk M., Boudon V., Campargue A., Chance K.V., Coustenis A., Drouin B.J., Flaud J.-M., Gamache R.R., Hodges J.T., Jacquemart D., Mlawer E.J., Nikitin A.V., Perevalov V.I., Rotger M., Tennyson J., Toon G.C., Tran H., Tyuterev V.G., Adkins E.M., Baker A., Barbe A., Canè E., Császár A.G., Dudaryonok A., Egorov O., Fleisher A.J., Fleurbaey H., Foltynowicz A., Furtenbacher T., Harrison J.J., Hartmann J.-M., Horneman V.-M., Huang X., Karman T., Karns J., Kassi S., Kleiner I., Kofman V., Kwabia-Tchana F., Lavrentieva N.N., Lee T.J., Long D.A., Lukashevskaya A.A., Lyulin O.M., Makhnev V.Yu., Matt W., Massie S.T., Melosso M., Mikhailenko S.N., Mondelain D., Müller H.S.P., Naumenko O.V., Perrin A., Polyansky O.L., Raddaoui E., Raston P.L., Reed Z.D., Rey M., Richard C., Tóbiás R., Sadiek I., Schwenke D.W., Starikova E., Sung K., Tamassia F., Tashkun S.A., Vander Auwera J., Vasilenko I.A., Vigasin A.A., Villanueva G.L., Vispoel B., Wagner G., Yachmenev A., Yurchenko S.N. The HITRAN2020 molecular spectroscopic database // J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer. 2022. V. 277. P. 107949. DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2021.107949.
20. Stepanov E.V., Glushko A.N., Konyukhov V.K., Lapshin D.A. Soft- and hardware platform for spectral analysis systems based on tunable semiconductor lasers // Laser Phys. 2022. V. 32, N 8. P. 084007. DOI: 10.1088/1555-6611/ac7330.
21. Yavorskii B.M., Detlaf A.A., Lebedev A.K. Spravochnik po fizike dlya injenerov i studentov vuzov. M.: ONIKS, Mir i obrazovanie, 2006. 1056 p.
22. Landay L.D., Lifshitz E.M. Course of Theoretical Physics. Vol. 5: Statistical Physics. New York: Pergamon, 1980. 173 p.