Vol. 37, issue 01, article # 10
Copy the reference to clipboard
Abstract:
Based on the multiyear expedition studies in the Kara Sea basin (11 expeditions in 2007–2022), we presented for the first time a statistical generalization of the atmospheric aerosol characteristics: the volume contents of submicron and coarse aerosol (Vf и Vс), the black carbon concentrations (еВС) and the spectral aerosol optical depth (AOD) of the atmosphere. Increased content of submicron and absorbing (eBC) aerosol was clearly manifested in the average spatial distribution in the southwestern part of the Kara Sea and minimal content in the northern part. The difference in the average concentrations Vf and еВС between these regions is 30–60%. The average aerosol characteristics for the entire Kara Sea had been: the atmospheric AOD (0.5 mm) was 0.043 at the Ångström exponent 0.8; the concentrations еВС were 22.8 ng/m3; and the particle volumes Vf and Vс were 0.26 and 1.39 mm3/cm3 respectively. The average concentrations Vf and еВС over the Kara Sea are shown to be intermediate between the data from the “Cape Baranov” and the Barents Sea.
Keywords:
arctic atmosphere, aerosol, black carbon, Kara Sea
Figures:
References:
1. Kondratyev K.Ya., Ivlev L.S., Krapivin V.F., Varotsos C.A. Atmospheric aerosol properties, formation processes, and impacts: From nano- to global scales. Chichester: Springer/PRAXIS, 2006. 572 p.
2. Lisitsyn A.P. Sovremennye predstavleniya ob osadkoobrazovanii v okeanakh i moryakh. Okean kak prirodnyi samopisets vzaimodeistviya geosfer Zemli // Mirovoi okean. V. 2. Fizika, khimiya i biologiya okeana. Osadkoobrazovanie v okeane i vzaimodeistvie geosfer Zemli. M.: Nauchnyi mir, 2014. P. 331–571.
3. Stohl A. Characteristics of atmospheric transport into the Arctic troposphere // J. Geophys. Res. 2006. V. 111, N D11306. DOI: 10.1029/2005JD006888.
4. Wang Q., Jacob D.J., Fisher J.A., Mao J., Leibensperger E.M., Carouge C.C., Le Sager P., Kondo Y., Jimenez J.L., Cubison M.J., Doherty S.J. Sources of carbonaceous aerosols and deposited black carbon in the Arctic in winter-spring: Implications for radiative forcing // Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2011. V. 11. P. 12453–12473.
5. Stohl A., Klimont Z., Eckhardt S., Kupiainen K., Shevchenko V.P., Kopeikin V.M., Novigatsky A.N. Black carbon in the Arctic: The underestimated role of gas flaring and residential combustion emissions // Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2013. V. 13. P. 8833–8855.
6. Vinogradova A.A., Ponomareva T.Ya. Atmosfernyi perenos antropogennykh primesei v arkticheskie raiony Rossii (1986–2010) // Optika atmosf. i okeana. 2012. V. 25, N 6. P. 475–483; Vinogradova A.A., Ponomareva T.Ya. Atmospheric transport of anthropogenicimpurities to the Russian Arctic (1986–2010) // Atmos. Ocean. Opt. 2012. V. 25, N 6. P. 414–422.
7. Vinogradova A.A., Vasileva A.V. Chernyi uglerod v vozdukhe severnykh raionov Rossii: istochniki, prostranstvennye i vremennye variatsii // Optika atmosf. i okeana. 2017. V. 30, N 6. P. 467–475; Vinogradova A.A., Vasileva A.V. Black carbon in air over northern regions of Russia: Sources and spatiotemporal variations // Atmos. Ocean. Opt. 2017. V. 30, N 6. P. 533–541.
8. Physics and Chemistry of the Arctic Atmosphere / Ed. by Alexander Kokhanovsky and Claudio Tomasi. Springer, 2020, 717 p.
9. Asmi E., Kondratyev V., Brus D., Laurila T., Lihavainen H., Backman J., Vakkari V., Aurela M., Hatakka J., Viisanen Y., Uttal T., Ivakhov V., Makshtas A. Aerosol size distribution seasonal characteristics measured in Tiksi, Russian Arctic // Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2016. V. 16. P. 1271–1287. DOI: 10.5194/acp-16-1271-2016.
10. Sakerin S.M., Kabanov D.M., Chernov D.G., Loskutova M.A., Rize D.D., Turchinovich YU.S. Rezul'taty pyatiletnego tsikla izmerenii kharakteristik aerozolya na polyarnoi stantsii «Mys Baranova» (2018–2022 years) // Sb. tr. «MSARD-2023». Sankt-Peterburg, 21–23 july 2023 (v pechati).
11. Kabanov D.M., Maslovskii A.S., Radionov V.F., Sakerin S.M., Chernov D.G., Cidorova O.R. Sezonnaya i mezhgodovaya kharakteristika aerozolya po dannym mnogoletnikh (2011–2021 years) izmerenii v Rossiiskom nauchnom tsentre na arkhipelage Shpitsbergen // Optika atmosf. i okeana. 2023. V. 36, N 6. P. 433–442.
12. Shevchenko V.P., Kopeikin V.M., Novigatskii A.N., Malafeev G.V. Chernyi uglerod v privodnom sloe atmosfery nad Severnoi Atlantikoi i moryami Rossiiskoi Arktiki v july–september 2017 year // Okeanologiya. 2019. V. 59, N 5. P. 771–776. DOI: 10.31857/ S0030-1574595771-776.
13. Sakerin S.M., Kabanov D.M., Makarov V.I., Polkin V.V., Popova S.A., Chankina O.V., Pochufarov A.O., Radionov V.F., Rize D.D. Spatial distribution of atmospheric aerosol physicochemical characteristics in Russian sector of the Arctic Ocean // Atmosphere. 2020. V. 11, N 11. P. 1170. DOI: 10.3390/atmos1111170.
14. Sakerin S.M., Kabanov D.M., Kalashnikova D.A., Kruglinsky I.A., Makarov V.I., Novigatinsky A.N., Polkin V.V., Popova S.A., Pochufarov A.O., Simonova G.V., Turchinovich Yu.S., Shevchenko V.P. Rezul'taty izmerenii kharakteristik aerozolya v 80-m reise NIS «Akademik Mstislav Keldysh» na marshrute ot Baltiiskogo morya do Barentseva morya // Optika atmosf. i okeana. 2021. V. 34, N 7. P. 515–523; Sakerin S.M., Kabanov D.M., Kalashnikova D.A., Kruglinsky I.A., Makarov V.I., Novigatinsky A.N., Polkin V.V., Popova S.A., Pochufarov A.O., Simonova G.V., Turchinovich Yu.S., Shevchenko V.P. Measurements of aerosol physicochemical characteristics in the 80th Cruise of RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh on the route from the Baltic to Barents Sea // Atmos. Ocean. Opt. 2021. V. 34, N 5. P. 455–463. DOI: 10.1134/S1024856021050195.
15. Sakerin S.M., Kruglinsky I.A., Kabanov D.M., Kalashnikova D.A., Kravchishina M.D., Makarov V.I., Novigatinsky A.N., Popova S.A., Pochufarov A.O., Simonova G.V., Turchinovich Yu.S., Darin F.A. Prostranstvenno-vremennaya izmenchivost' kharakteristik atmosfernogo aerozolya nad Karskim, Barentsevym, Norvezhskim i Grenlandskim moryami (ekspeditsii 2018–2021 years) // Optika atmosf. i okeana. 2022. V. 35, N 6. P. 447–455; Sakerin S.M., Kruglinsky I.A., Kabanov D.M., Kalashnikova D.A., Kravchishina M.D., Makarov V.I., Novigatinsky A.N., Popova S.A., Pochufarov A.O., Simonova G.V., Turchinovich Yu.S., Darin F.A. Spatiotemporal variations in atmospheric aerosol characteristics over the Kara, Barents, Norwegian, and Greenland Seas (2018–2021 expeditions) // Atmos. Ocean. Opt. 2022. V. 34, N 6. P. 651–660. DOI: 10.1134/S1024856022060203.
16. Antokhina O.Yu., Antokhin P.N., Arshinova V.G., Arshinov M.Yu., Belan B.D., Belan S.B., Davydov D.K., Ivlev G.A., Kozlov A.V., Nédélec P., Paris J.-D., Rasskazchikova T.M., Savkin D.E., Simonenkov D.V., Sklyadneva T.K., Tolmachev G.N., Fofonov A.V. Vertikal'noe raspredelenie gazovykh i aerozol'nykh primesei vozdukha nad Rossiiskim sektorom Arktiki // Optika atmosf. i okeana. 2017. V. 30, N 12. P. 1043–1052; Antokhina O.Yu., Antokhin P.N., Arshinova V.G., Arshinov M.Yu., Belan B.D., Belan S.B., Davydov D.K., Ivlev G.A., Kozlov A.V., Nédélec P., Paris J.-D., Rasskazchikova T.M., Savkin D.E., Simonenkov D.V., Sklyadneva T.K., Tolmachev G.N., Fofonov A.V. Vertical distributions of gaseous and aerosol admixtures in air over the Russian Arctic // Atmos. Ocean. Opt. 2018. V. 31, N 3. P. 300–310.
17. Zenkova P.N., Chernov D.G., Shmargunov V.P., Panchenko M.V., Belan B.D. Submikronnyi aerozol' i pogloshchayushchee veshchestvo v troposfere rossiiskogo sektora Arktiki po dannym izmerenii samoleta-laboratorii Tu-134 «Optik» v 2020 year // Optika atmosf. i okeana. 2021. V. 34, N 11. P. 882–890; Zenkova P.N., Chernov D.G., Shmargunov V.P., Panchenko M.V., Belan B.D. Submicron aerosol and absorbing substance in the troposphere of the Russian Sector of the Arctic according to measurements onboard the Tu-134 Optik aircraft laboratory in 2020 // Atmos. Ocean. Opt. 2022. V. 35, N 1. P. 43–51.
18. Bond T.C., Streets D.G., Yarber K.F., Nelson S.M., Woo J.-H., Klimont Z. A technology-based global inventory of black and organic carbon emissions from combustion // J. Geophys. Res. 2004. V. 109, N D14203. DOI: 10.1029/2003JD003697.
19. Huang K., Fu J.S., Prikhodko V.Y., Storey J.M., Romanov A., Hodson E.L., Cresko J., Morozova I., Ignatieva Y., Cabaniss J. Russian anthropogenic black carbon: Emission reconstruction and Arctic black carbon simulation // J. Geophys. Res.: Atmos. 2015. V. 120. P. 11. 306–333. DOI: 10.1002/2015JD023358.
20. Vinogradova A.A., Ivanova Yu.A. Perenos vozdushnykh mass i zagryaznenii k arkticheskim ostrovam Rossii (1986–2016): dolgovremennye, mezhgodovye i sezonnye variatsii // Geofizicheskie protsessy i biosfera. 2017. V. 16, N 4. P. 5–20. DOI: 10.21455/GPB2017.4-1.
21. Gelaro R., McCarty W., Suárez M.J., Todling R., Molod A., Takacs L., Randles C.A., Darmenov A., Bosilovich M.G., Reichle R., Wargan K., Coy L., Cullather R., Draper C., Akella S., Buchard V., Conaty A., da Silva A.M., Gu W., Kim G.-K., Koster R., Lucchesi R., Merkova D., Nielsen J.E., Partyka G., Pawson S., Putman W., Rienecker M., Schubert S.D., Sienkiewicz M., Zhao B. The Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, version 2 (MERRA-2) // J. Climate. 2017. V. 30, N 14. P. 5419–5454. DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0758.1.
22. Kozlov V.S., Shmargunov V.P., Panchenko M.V. Modified aethalometer for monitoring of black carbon concentration in atmospheric aerosol and technique for correction of the spot loading effect // Proc. SPIE. 2016. Р. 1003530. DOI: 10.1117/12.2248009.
23. Petzold A., Ogren J.A., Fiebig M., Laj P., Li S.-M., Baltensperger U., Holzer-Popp T., Kinne S., Pappalardo G., Sugimoto N., Wehrli C., Wiedensohler A., Zhang X.-Y. Recommendations for reporting “black carbon” measurements // Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2013. V. 13. P. 8365–8379.
24. OriginLab – Origin and OriginPro – Data Analysis and Graphing Software. URL: https://www.originlab.com/ (last access: 19.06.2023).
25. Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO), MERRA-2 tavgM_2d_aer_Nx: 2d, Monthly mean, Time-averaged, Single-Level, Assimilation, Aerosol Diagnostics V5.12.4, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC). 10.5067/FH9A0MLJPC7N (last access: 14.06.2023).
26. Air Resources Laboratory – HYSPLIT – Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model. URL: https://www.ready.noaa.gov/HYSPLIT.php (last access: 16.06.2023).
27. FIRMS Fire Information for Resource Management System. URL: https://firms.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov (last access: 15.06.2023).
