Optika Atmosfery i Okeana Journal

Vol. 23, issue 11, article # 5

Kozlov V. S., Pol'kin V. V., Panchenko M. V., Golobokova L. P., Turchinovich Yu. S., Khodzher T. V. Results of integrated aerosol experiment in the continent-ocean transition zone (Primorye and the Sea of Japan). Part 3. Microphysical characteristics and ion composition of aerosol in the near-ground and near-water layers. // Optika Atmosfery i Okeana. 2010. V. 23. No. 11. P. 967-977 [in Russian].
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Abstract:

Results are discussed of simultaneous aerosol measurements carried out in spring 2009 in two regions, near Ussurijsk (43.7°N, 132.2°E) and in the Sea of Japan onboard the training sailing vessel "Nadezhda". The following instruments were used for measuring the mass concentrations of aerosol and black carbon as well as the particle size distribution: PhaN-type nephelometers, aethalometers, and AZ-5 and Grimm photoelectric counters of particles. In parallel, the aerosol samples were collected on filters for determination of the ion chemical composition of aerosol. The spatio-temporal variability of aerosol chemical and microphysical composition is studied. It is shown that the atmosphere of Far East region in spring 2009 was characterized by enhanced contents of aerosol and black carbon, comparable with that over Caspian Sea and exceeding the level of concentrations over White Sea by 3 times. The mean mass concentrations of aerosol and black carbon and the number concentration of particles were, respectively, (17.5±8.70) g/m³, (0.99±0.72) g/m³, and (22.0±13.6) cm^-3. The high concentrations of aerosol and black carbon were caused by emission of continental aerosol of different origin (dust, anthropogenic, smoke) and marine aerosol from neighbor regions to the region of measurements. Close values of the concentrations in Primorye and the Sea of Japan is evidence of existence of the mean regional aerosol background. About 80% of the aerosol chemical composition in the region in determined by continental particle sources. Submicron aerosol is prevalent in dust emissions, which formed the ion composition in the majority of events. The content of large particles (radius greater than 2mm) in the size spectrum can be an indicator of dust emissions. It follows from comparison with other regions that the maximum concentrations of "continental origin" SO₄^2-, NO₃^-, NH₄⁺ are observed over the Sea of Japan, and of "marine origin" Cl^-, Na⁺, Mg²⁺, over White Sea, and the minimum concentrations of the majority of ions are near Antarctica.

Keywords:

aerosol concentration, black carbon concentration, particle size distribution, ion chemical analysis, continental and marine aerosols