Vol. 34, issue 10, article # 3

Abstract:

The quantitative and physico-geochemical characteristics of particulate matter in the winter atmosphere of Yakutsk, accumulating in the solid phase of the snow cover, are examined. Snow survey was carried out on the territory of the city in 2020. Based on modern methods of analysis the features of the transformation of the chemical composition of particulate matter in the winter atmosphere of an urbanized territory are analyzed. The main source of pollution of the winter atmosphere of the city is motor transport; energy facilities and industrial enterprises contribute less. The features of the macro- and microelement composition of the solid phase of snow on the territory of the city have been ascertained. The intensity of the intake of chemical elements with winter dust varies within 6–7 mathematical orders: from a maximum of 103–104 mg/(m² × day) for Ca, Fe, and Al, to a minimum of ≤ 10-3 mg/(m² × day) for Pt, Au, and Hg. The most unfavorable from a sanitary point of view is the fallout of Fe, Zn, and As from the winter atmosphere. Heavy metal pollution of the snow cover on the territory of Yakutsk is noticeably lower than in a number of cities in Eastern Siberia.

Keywords:

atmosphere, particulate matter, geochemistry, dust pollution, snow cover, toxicity, Yakutsk

Figures:

References:

1. Falta T., Limbeck A., Koellensperger G., Hann S. Bioaccessibility of selected trace metals in urban PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ samples: A model study // Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2008. N 390. P. 1149–1157.
2. Gosudarstvennyj doklad ob ekologicheskoj situatsii v Respubliki Saha (Yakutiya) v 2019 year Yakutsk: Pravitel'stvo RS(Ya), M-vo ekologii, prirodopol'zovaniya i lesnogo hozyajstva RS(Ya), 2020. P. 57.
3. Seleznev A., Yarmoshenko I., Malinovsky G., Ilgasheva E, Baglaeva E., Ryanskaya A., Kiseleva D., Gulyaeva T. Snow-dirt sludge as an indicator of environmental and sedimentation processes in the urban environment // Nature Sci. 2019. Rep. 9, 17241.
4. Makarov V.N., Torgovkin N.V. Zagryaznenie atmosfery g. Yakutska vzveshennymi veshchestvami // Prirodnye resursy Arktiki i Subarktiki. 2020. V. 25, N 1. P. 41–47.
5. Metodicheskie rekomendatsii po otsenke stepeni zagryazneniya atmosfernogo vozduha naselennyh punktov metallami po ih soderzhaniyu v snezhnom pokrove i pochve. M.: IMGRE, 2006. 7 p.
6. Kriterii otsenki ekologicheskoj obstanovki territorij dlya vyyavleniya zon chrezvychajnoj ekologicheskoj situatsii i zon ekologicheskogo bedstviya. M.: Ministerstvo ohrany okruzhayushchej sredy Rossii, 1992. 55 p.
7. Makarov V.N. Geohimicheskij atlas Yakutska. Yakutsk: In-t merzlotovedeniya SO AN SSSR. 1985. 65 p.
8. Pod"yachev B.P. Geohimicheskie anomalii blagorodnyh metallov v osadochnyh otlozheniyah Yakutskogo podnyatiya / B.P. Pod"yachev // Sistema «korennoj istochnik–rossyp'». Yakutsk: Izd-vo YANTS SO RAN, 2009. P. 166–173.
9. GN 2.1.7.2041-06. Predel'no dopustimye kontsentratsii (PDK) himicheskih veshchestv v pochve. Gigienicheskie normativy. M.: Standartinform v osadochnyh otlozheniyah Yakutskogo podnyatiya / B.P. Pod"yachev // Sistema «korennoj istochnik–rossyp'». Yakutsk: Izd-vo YaNTS SO RAN, 2006. 15 p.
10. National Emissions Inventory 2014. United States Environmental Protection Agency, 2014. [Electronic resource]. URL: https://epa.gov/air-emissions-inventories/2014-national-emissions-inventory-nei-data (last access: 15.05.2020).
11. Bondarevich E.A., Kotsyurzhinskaya N.N., Zhilyaeva O.A., Samojlenko G.Yu., Klimovich K.I., Igumnov S.A. Monitoring zagryazneniya snezhnogo pokrova g. Chity tyazhelymi metallami // Izv. vuzov. Prikladnaya himiya i biotekhnologiya. 2018. V. 8, N 2. P. 132–144.
12. Yusupov D.V., Stepanov V.A., Trutneva R.V., Mogilev A.A. Mineral'nyj geohimicheskij sostav tverdogo osadka v snegovom pokrove g. Blagoveshchensk (Amurskaya oblast') // Izv. Tomskogo politekh. un-ta. 2014. V. 324, N 1. P. 184–188.
13. Sorokina O.I., Kosheleva N.E., Kasimov N.S., Golovanov D.L., Bazha S.N., Dorzhgotov D., Enh-Amgalan S. Tyazhelye metally v vozduhe i snezhnom pokrove Ulan-Batora // Geografiya i prirodnye resursy. 2013. N 3. P. 159–170.