Vol. 35, issue 07, article # 6

Andreev V. V., Arshinov M. Yu., Belan B. D., Belan S. B., Davydov D. K., Demin V. I., Dudorova N. V., Elansky N. F., Zhamsueva G. S., Zayakhanov A. S., Ivlev G. A., Kozlov A. V., Konovaltseva L. V., Kotelnikov S. N., Kuznetsova I. N., Lapchenko V. A., Lesina E. A., Obolkin V. A., Postylyakov O. V., Potemkin V. L., Savkin D. E., Senik I. A., Stepanov E. V., Tolmachev G. N., Fofonov A. V., Khodzher T. V., Chelibanov I. V., Chelibanov V. P., Shirotov V. V., Shukurov K. A. Tropospheric ozone concentration in Russia in 2021. // Optika Atmosfery i Okeana. 2022. V. 35. No. 07. P. 559–571. DOI: 10.15372/AOO20220706 [in Russian].
Copy the reference to clipboard

Abstract:

Ozone is one of the most toxic impurities in the troposphere. Therefore, it is recognized as the number one pollutant in most countries and its concentration is monitored. This work presents an overview of continuous measurements of the ozone content in the troposphere over Russia throughout 2021 carried out on an initiative basis at 16 stations in different Russian regions. The monitoring results showed that the daily mean ozone concentration exceeded the MPCdm at all observation sites during a significant part of the year. Two- and even three-fold excess over MPCdm was observed at a number of stations. At six stations, concentrations above the MPCs were recorded. This requires a more comprehensive analysis of the composition and concentration of ozone precursors and the development of measures to reduce their emission into the atmosphere.

Keywords:

atmosphere, air, concentration, ozone, maximum permissible concentration, surface layer, troposphere

Figures:

References:

  1. Lunin V.V., Popovich M.P., Tkachenko S.N. Fizicheskaya himiya ozona. M.: MGU, 1998. 480 p.
  2. Perov S.P., Hrgian A.H. Sovremennye problemy atmosfernogo ozona. L.: Gidrometeoizdat, 1980. 288 p.
  3. Razumovskij S.V., Zajkov G.E. Ozon i ego reaktsii s organicheskimi soedineniyami (kinetika i mekhanika). M.: Nauka, 1974. 322 p.
  4. Filov V.A. (red.). Vrednye himicheskie veshchestva. Neorganicheskie soedineniya V–VIII grupp. L.: Himiya, 1989. 592 p.
  5. Belan B.D. Ozon v troposfere. Tomsk: Izd-vo IOA SO RAN, 2010. 488 p.
  6. Lazarev N.V. Spravochnik dlya himikov, inzhenerov i vrachej. Vrednye veshchestva v promyshlennosti. L.: Himiya, 1971. 520 p.
  7. SanPiN 1.2.3685-21 Gigienicheskie normativy i trebovaniya k obespecheniyu bezopasnosti i (ili) bezvrednosti dlya cheloveka faktorov sredy obitaniya: data vvedeniya 28.01.2021. M.: Standart inform, 2021. 1142 p.
  8. Mauzerall D.L., Wang X. Protecting agricultural crops from the effects of tropospheric ozone exposure: reconciling science and standard setting in the United States, Europa, and Asia // Ann. Rev. Energy Environ. 2001. N 26. P. 237–268.
  9. Air pollution takes a big bite out of Asia’s grain crops // Nature. 2022. V. 601, N 7894. P. 487.
  10. Wang B., Shugart H.H., Lerdau M.T. Sensitivity of global greenhouse gas budgets to tropospheric ozone pollution mediated by the biosphere // Environ. Res. Lett. 2017. V. 12, N 8. P. 084001.
  11. Anav A., De Marco A., Collalti A., Emberson L., Feng Z., Lombardozzi D., Sicard P., Verbeke T., Viovy N., Vitale M., Paoletti E. Legislative and functional aspects of different metrics used for ozone risk assessment to forests // Environ. Pollut. 2022. V. 295. P. 118690.
  12. Altshuller A.P., Wartburg A.F. The interaction of ozone with plastic metallic materials in a dynamic flow system // Intern. J. Air Water Pollut. 1961. V. 4, N 1–2. P. 70–78.
  13. Daubendick R.L., Calvert J.G. The reaction of ozone with perfluorinated polyolefins // Environ. Lett. 1974. V. 6, N 4. P. 253–272.
  14. Screpani A., DeMarco A. Corrosion on cultural heritage buildings in Italy: A role for ozone? // Environ. Pollut. 2009. V. 157, N 5. P. 1513–1520.
  15. Coleman B.K., Destaillats H., Hodgson A.T., Nazaroff W.W. Ozone consumption and volatile byproduct formation from surface reactions with aircraft cabin materials and clothing fabrics // Atmos. Environ. 2008. V. 42, N 4. P. 642–654.
  16. Rice R.G. Century 21 – pregnant with ozone // Ozone Sci. Engeen. 2002. V. 24, N 1. P. 1–15.
  17. Rowlinson M.J., Rap A., Hamilton D.S., Pope R.J., Hantson S., Arnold S.R., Kaplan J.O., Arneth A., Chipperfield M.P., Forster P.M., Nieradzik L. Tropospheric ozone radiative forcing uncertainty due to pre-industrial fire and biogenic emissions // Atmos. Chem. Phys. V. 20, N 18. P. 10937–10951.
  18. Air Pollution by Ozone in Europe in Summer 2004. Overview of Exceedances of EC Ozone Threshold Values during April–September 2004. EEA Technical Report N 3. 2005. 34 p.
  19. Gouldsbrough L., Hossaini R., Eastoe E., Young P.Y. A temperature dependent extreme value analysis of UK surface ozone, 1980–2019 // Atmos. Environ. 2020. V. 273. P. 118975.
  20. Langford A.O., Senff C.J., Alvarez II R.J., Aikin K.C., Baidar S., Bonin T.A., Brewer W.A., Brioude J., Brown S.S., Burley J.D., Caputi D.J., Conley S.A., Cullis P.D., Decker Z.C.J., Evan S., Kirgis G., Lin M., Pagowski M., Peischl J., Petropavlovskikh I., Pierce R.B., Ryerson T.B., Sandberg S.P., Sterling C.W., Weickmann A.M., Zhang L. The Fires, Asian, and Stratospheric Transport–Las Vegas Ozone Study (FAST-LVOS) // Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2022. V. 22, N 3. P. 1707–1737.
  21. Kim S.-W., McDonald B.C., Seo S., Kim K.-M., Trainer M. Understanding the paths of surface ozone abatement in the Los Angeles basin // J. Geophys. Res.: Atmos. 2022. V. 127, N 4. P. e2021JD035606.
  22. Cao J., Qiu X., Liu Y., Yan X., Gao J., Peng L. Identifying the dominant driver of elevated surface ozone concentration in North China plain during summertime 2012–2017 // Environ. Pollut. 2022. V. 300. P. 118912.
  23. Wu K., Wang Y., Qiao Y., Liu Y., Wang S., Yang X., Wang H., Lu Y., Zhang X., Lei Y. Drivers of 2013–2020 ozone trends in the Sichuan Basin, China: Impacts of meteorology and precursor emission changes // Environ. Pollut. 2022. V. 300. P. 118914.
  24. Gao J., Li Y., Xie Z., Hue B., Wang L., Bao F., Fan S. The impact of the aerosol reduction on the worsening ozone pollution over the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region via influencing photolysis rates // Sci. Total Environ. 2022. V. 821. P. 153197.
  25. Mosekomonitoring / GPBU «Mosekomonitoring». М., 2022. URL: https://mosecom.mos.ru/
  26. Doklady o sostoyanii okruzhayushchej sredy goroda Moskvy / Departament prirodopol'zovaniya i ohrany okruzhayushchej sredy g. Moskvy. URL: https://www.mos.ru/eco/documents/doklady/ view/ (data obrashcheniya: 24.03.2022).
  27. Obzor sostoyaniya i zagryazneniya okruzhayushchej sredy v Rossijskoj Federatsii za 2020 year. Rosgidromet, 2021. 205 p.
  28. Obzor fonovogo sostoyaniya okruzhayushchej prirodnoj sredy na territorii stran SNG za 2019 year / Institut global'nogo klimata i ekologii imeni akademika Yu.A. Izraelya. M.: Rosgidromet, 2020. 100 p.
  29. Andreev V.V., Arshinov M.Yu., Belan B.D., Davydov D.K., Elanskij N.F., Zhamsueva G.S., Zayahanov A.S., Ivlev G.A., Kozlov A.V., Kotel'nikov S.N., Kuznetsova I.N., Lapchenko V.A., Lezina E.A., Postylyakov O.V., Savkin D.E., Senik I.A., Stepanov E.V., Tolmachev G.N., Fofonov A.V., Chelibanov I.V., Chelibanov V.P., Tihonov N.A., Zaharova S.A., Davydova M.A. Prizemnaya kontsentratsiya ozona na territorii Rossii v pervom polugodii 2020 year // Optika atmosf. i okeana. 2020. V. 33, N 9. P. 710–721; Andreev V.V., Arshinov M.Yu., Belan B.D., Davydov D.K., Elansky N.F., Zhamsueva G.S., Zayakhanov A.S., Ivlev G.A., Kozlov A.V., Kotel’nikov S.N., Kuznetsova I.N., Lapchenko V.A., Lezina E.A., Postylyakov O.V., Savkin D.E., Senik I.A., Stepanov E.V., Tolmachev G.N., Fofonov A.V., Chelibanov I.V., Chelibanov V.P., Shirotov V.V. Surface ozone concentration over Russian territory in the first half of 2020 // Atmos. Ocean. Opt. 2020. V. 33, N 6. P. 671–681.
  30. Andreev V.V., Arshinov M.Yu., Belan B.D., Davydov D.K., Elansky N.F., Zhamsueva G.S., Zayakhanov A.S., Ivlev G.A., Kozlov A.V., Kotel’nikov S.N., Kuznetsova I.N., Lapchenko V.A., Lezina E.A., Postylyakov O.V., Savkin D.E., Senik I.A., Stepanov E.V., Tolmachev G.N., Fofonov A.V., Chelibanov I.V., Chelibanov V.P., Shirotov V.V., Shukurov K.A. Prizemnaya kontsentratsiya ozona na territorii Russia vo vtorom polugodii 2020 year // Optika atmosf. i okeana. 2021. V. 34, N 4. P. 292–301; Andreev V.V., Arshinov M.Yu., Belan B.D., Davydov D.K., Elansky N.F., Zhamsueva G.S., Zayakhanov A.S., Ivlev G.A., Kozlov A.V., Kotel’nikov S.N., Kuznetsova I.N., Lapchenko V.A., Lezina E.A., Postylyakov O.V., Savkin D.E., Senik I.A., Stepanov E.V., Tolmachev G.N., Fofonov A.V., Chelibanov I.V., Chelibanov V.P., Shirotov V.V., Shukurov K.A. Surface ozone concentration in Russia in the second half of 2020 // Atmos. Ocean. Opt. 2021. V. 34, N 4. P. 347–356.
  31. Mertens M., Jöckel P., Matthes S., Nützel M., Volker Grewe V., Sausen R. COVID-19 induced lower-tropospheric ozone changes // Environ. Res. Lett. 2021. V. 16, N 6. P. 064005.
  32. Adam M.G., Tran P.T.M., Balasubramanian R. Air quality changes in cities during the COVID-19 lockdown: A critical review // Atmos. Res. 2021. V. 264. P. 105823.
  33. Yang M., Chen L., Msigwa G., Tang K.H.D., Pow-Seng Yap P.-S. Implications of COVID-19 on global environmental pollution and carbon emissions with strategies for sustainability in the COVID-19 era // Sci. Total Environ. 2022. V. 809. P. 151657.
  34. Steinbrecht W., Kubistin D., Plass-Dülmer C., Davies J., Tarasick D.W., von der Gathen P., Deckelmann H., Jepsen N., Kivi R., Lyall N., Palm M., Notholt J., Kois B., Oelsner P., Allaart M., Piters A., Gill M., Van Malderen R., Delcloo A.W., Sussmann R., Mahieu E., Servais C., Romanens G., Stübi R., Ancellet G., Godin-Beekmann S., Yamanouchi S., Strong K., Johnson B., Cullis P., Petropavlovskikh I., Hannigan J.W., Hernandez J.-L., Rodriguez A.D., Nakano T., Chouza F., Leblanc T., Torres C., Garcia O., Röhling A.N., Schneider M., Blumenstock T., Tully M., Paton-Walsh C., Jones N., Querel R., Strahan S., Stauffer R.M., Thompson A.M., Inness A., Engelen R., Chang K.-L., Cooper O.R. COVID-19 crisis reduces free tropospheric ozone across the Northern hemisphere // Geophys. Res. Lett. 2021. V. 48, N 5. P. e2020GL091987.
  35. Bouarar I., Gaubert B., Brasseur G.P., Steinbrecht W., Doumbia T., Tilmes S., Liu Y., Stavrakou T., Deroubaix A., Darras S., Granier C., Lacey F., Muller J.-F., Shi X., Elguindi N., Wang T. Ozone anomalies in the free troposphere during the COVID-19 pandemic // Geophys. Res. Lett. 2021. V. 48, N 16. P. e2021GL094204.
  36. Antohin P.N., Arshinov M.Yu., Belan B.D., Belan S.B., Sklyadneva T.K., Tolmachev G.N. Mnogoletnyaya izmenchivost' ozona i aerozolya v rajone Tomska i opravdyvaemost' prognoza ih srednegodovyh kontsentratsij na desyatiletie // Optika atmosf. i okeana. 2010. V. 23, N 9. P. 772–776.
  37. Feister U., Warmbt W. Long-term surface ozone increase at Arcona // Proc. Quadrennial Ozone Symposium, Greece, 1980. P. 782–787.
  38. Volz A., Kley D. Evaluation of the Montsouris series of ozone measurements made in the nineteenth century // Nature. 1988. V. 332, N 6161. P. 240–242.
  39. Cartalis C., Varotsos C. Surface ozone in Athens, Greece, at the beginning and at the end of the twentieth century // Atmos. Environ. 1994. V. 28, N 1. P. 3–8.
  40. Belan B.D., Savkin D.E., Tolmachev G.N. Issledovanie svyazi snezhnogo pokrova i kontsentratsii ozona v prizemnom sloe vozduha v rajone g. Tomska // Optika atmosf. i okeana. 2018. V. 31, N 8. P. 665–669.
  41. Monks P.S. A review of the observations and origins of the spring ozone maximum // Atmos. Environ. 2000. V. 34, N 21. P. 3545–3561.
  42. Zayahanov A.S., Zрamsueva G.S., TSydypov V.V., Bal'zhanov T.S. Rezul'taty monitoringa prizemnogo ozona v atmosfere g. Ulan-Ude // Meteorol. i gidrol. 2013. N 12. P. 76–84.
  43. Isidorov V.A. Letuchie vydeleniya rastenij: sostav, skorost' emissii i ekologicheskaya rol'. SPb.: Alga, 1994. 188 p.
  44. Curci G., Beekmann M., Vautard R., Smiatek G., Steinbrecher R., Theloke J., Friedrich R. Modelling study of the impact of isoprene and terpene biogenic emissions on European ozone levels // Atmos. Environ. 2009. V. 43, N 7. P. 1444–1455.
  45. Collins W.J., Sitch S., Boucher O. How vegetation impacts affect climate metrics for ozone precursors // J. Geophys. Res. 2010. V. 115. P. D23308. DOI: 10.1029/2010JD014187.
  46. Sadiq M., Tai A.P.K., Lombardozzi D., Martin M.V. Effects of ozone–vegetation coupling on surface ozone air quality via biogeochemical and meteorological feedbacks // Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2017. V. 17, N 4. P. 3055–3066.
  47. Elanskij N.F., Shilkin A.V., Ponomarev N.A., Zaharova P.V., Kachko M.D., Polyakov T.I. Prostranstvenno-vremennye variatsii soderzhaniya zagryaznyayushchih primesej v vozdushnom bassejne Moskvy i ih emissii // Izv. RAN. Fiz. atmosf. i okeana. 2022. V. 58, N 1. P. 92–108.
  48. Tan Z., Ma X., Lu K., Jiang M., Zou Q., Wang H., Zeng L., Zhang Y. Direct evidence of local photochemical production driven ozone episode in Beijing: A case study // Sci. Total Environ. 2021. V. 800. P. 148868.
  49. Liu X., Guo H., Zeng L., Lyu X., Wang Y., Zeren Y., Yang J., Zhang L., Zhao S., Li Y., Zhang G. Photochemical ozone pollution in five Chinese megacities in summer 2018 // Sci. Total Environ. 2021. V. 801. P. 149603.
  50. Senik I.A., Elanskij N.F., Belikov I.B., Lisitsyna L.V., Galaktionov V.V., Kortunova Z.V. Osnovnye zakonomernosti vremennoj izmenchivosti prizemnogo ozona na vysotah 870 i 2070 m v rajone g. Kislovodska // Izv. RAN. Fiz. atmosf. i okeana. 2005. V. 41, N 1. P. 78–91.
  51. Shakina N.P., Ivanova A.R., Elansky N.F., Markova T.A. Transcontinental observations of surface ozone concentration in the TROICA experiments: 2. The effect of the stratosphere-troposphere exchange // Izv. Atmos. Ocean. Phys. 2001. V. 37, suppl. 1. P. S39–S48.
  52. Borisov D.V., Shalygina I.Yu., Lezina E.A. Issledovanie sezonnoj i sutochnoj izmenchivosti kontsentratsij prizemnogo ozona // Gidrometeorologicheskie issledovaniya i prognozy. 2020.V. 377, N 3. P. 122–135.
  53. Ivanova N.S., Kuznetsova I.N., Shalygina I.Yu., Lezina E.A Soderzhanie ozona nad territoriej Rossijskoj Federatsii v 2020 year // Meteorol. i gidrol. 2021. N 2. P. 131–140.
  54. Zvyagintsev A.M., Belikov I.B., Egorov V.I., Elanskij N.F., Kruchenitskij G.M., Kuznetsova I.N., Nikolaev A.N., Obuhova Z.V., Skorohod A.I. Polozhitel'nye anomalii prizemnogo ozona v iyule-avguste 2002 year v Moskve i ee okrestnostyah // Izv. RAN. Fiz. atmosf. i okeana. 2004. V. 40, N 1. P. 78–89.
  55. Belan B.D., Savkin D.E., Tolmachev G.N. Zavisimost' obrazovaniya ozona v prizemnom sloe ot temperatury vozduha // Optika atmosf. i okeana. 2017. V. 30, N 11. P. 971–979; Belan B.D., Savkin D.E., Tolmachev G.N. Generation of ozone in the surface air layer versus air temperature // Atmos. Ocean. Opt. 2018. V. 31, N 2. P. 187–196.
  56. Porter W.C., Heald C.L. The mechanisms and meteorological drivers of the summertime ozone–temperature relationship // Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2019. V. 19, N 21. P. 13367–13381.
  57. Ulpiani G., Ranzi G., Santamouris M. Local synergies and antagonisms between meteorological factors and air pollution: A 15-year comprehensive study in the Sydney region // Sci. Total Environ. 2021. V. 788. P. 147783.
  58. Platikanov S., Terrado M., Pay M.T., Soret A., Tauler R. Understanding temporal and spatial changes of O3 or NO2 concentrations combining multivariate data analysis methods and air quality transport models // Sci. Total Environ. 2022. V. 806. P. 150923.
  59. Hossain M.S., Frey H.C., Louie P.K.K., Lau A.K.H. Combined effects of increased O3 and reduced NO2 concentrations on short-term air pollution health risks in Hong Kong // Environ. Pollut. 2021. V. 270. P. 116280.
  60. Liu C., Shi K. A review on methodology in O3–NOx–VOC sensitivity study // Environ. Pollut. 2021. V. 291. P. 118149.
  61. Belan B.D., Savkin D.E. Rol' vlazhnosti v izmenenii prizemnoj kontsentratsii ozona // Optika atmosf. i okeana. 2019. V. 32, N 5. P. 395–398; Belan B.D., Savkin D.E. The role of air humidity in variations of near-surface ozone concentration // Atmos. Ocean. Opt. 2019. V. 32, N 5. P. 586–589.
  62. Zuev V.E., Belan B.D., Kabanov D.M., Kovalevskij V.K., Luk'yanov O.Yu., Meleshkin V.E., Mikushev M.K., Panchenko M.V., Penner I.E., Pokrovskij E.V., Sakerin S.M., Terpugova S.A., Tumakov A.G., Shamanaev V.S., Shcherbatov A.I. Samolet-laboratoriya AN-30 «Optik-E» dlya ekologicheskih issledovanij // Optika atmosf. i okeana. 1992. V. 5, N 10. P. 1012–1021.
  63. Anohin G.G., Antohin P.N., Arshinov M.Yu., Barsuk V.E., Belan B.D., Belan S.B., Davydov D.K., Ivlev G.A., Kozlov A.V., Kozlov V.S., Morozov M.V., Panchenko M.V., Penner I.E., Pestunov D.A., Sikov G.P., Simonenkov D.V., Sinitsyn D.S., Tolmachev G.N., Filippov D.V., Fofonov A.V., Chernov D.G., Shamanaev V.S., Shmargunov V.P. Samolet-laboratoriya Tu-134 «Optik» // Optika atmosf. i okeana. 2011. V. 24, N 9. P. 80–816.
  64. Arshinov M.Yu., Belan B.D., Krasnov O.A., Kovalevskij V.K., Pirogov V.A., Plotnikov A.P., Tolmachev G.N., Fofonov A.V. Sravnenie ul'trafioletovogo i hemilyuminestsentnogo ozonometrov // Optika atmosf. i okeana. 2002. V. 15, N 8. P. 723–726.
  65. Dunlea E.J., Herndon S.C., Nelson D.D. Volkamer R.M., Lamb B.K., Allwine E.J., Grutter M., Ramos Villegas C.R., Marquez C., Blanco S., Cardenas B., Kolb C.E., Molina L.T., Molina M.J. Technical note: Evaluation of standard ultraviolet absorption ozone monitors in a polluted urban environment // Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2006. V. 6, N 10. P. 3163–3180.
  66. Belan B.D., Tolmachev G.N., Fofonov A.V. Vertikal'noe raspredelenie ozona v troposfere nad yugom Zapadnoj Sibiri // Optika atmosf. i okeana. 2010. V. 23, N 9. P. 777–783; Belan B.D., Tolmachev G.N., Fofonov A.V. Vertical ozone distribution in troposphere above south regions of West Siberia // Atmos. Ocean. Opt. 2011. V. 24, N 2. P. 181–187.